Edward Scicluna

Fatti Tal-Ħajja

Meta konna żgħar, il-ġenituri tagħna nisslu fina l-għarfien ta’ x’inhu tajjeb u x’inhu ħażin. Għallmuna l-fatti tal-ħajja. Fil-kamp tal-ekonomija, il-fatti tal-ħajja prattikament jinġabru f’verità waħda, dik li qatt m’hu ser ikun hemm biżżejjed riżorsi biex jissodisfaw it-talba bla qies ta’ kullħadd. Għalhekk, ilkoll ikollna nagħmlu l-għażla.

Din hija l-famuża “problema ekonomika”, xi ħaġa li ngħallmuha lill-istudenti tal-ekonomija fl-ewwel lezzjoni tagħhom f’dan is-suġġett. Din il-verità nesperjenzawha fil-ħajja tagħna ta’ kuljum, għax kollha kemm aħna nixtiequ affarijiet sbieħ  u differenti, iżda li meta ndaħħlu idejna fil-but nirrealizzaw li ma naffordjawhomx. Lanqas il-ħin tal-ġurnata ma hu bla qies!

L-istess jiġri lill-gvern meta bħal dawn iż-żminijiet inkunu qed naħdmu fuq il-budget. Aħna nitilqu dejjem mill-verità li l-gvern qatt ma jista’ jlaħħaq mad-domanda, ikun xi jkun il-qasam. Jista’ jkun fil-qasam tas-saħħa, fl-edukazjoni, sigurtà soċjali, jew is-sigurtà tagħna. Dan għax nafu li d-domanda hija infinita.  Wieħed jgħid, imma possibli wieħed ma jasalx jekk jimmodera? Iva, wieħed jista’ jaqbad it-triq tal-moderazzjoni. Minn naħa l-oħra, jekk wieħed jgħolli l-aspettattiva, probabilment, id-domanda jkollha tikber b’rata kbira. Iżda xorta waħda, ir-riżorsi, it-taxxi u l-infieq tal-gvern qatt u qatt mhuma ser ilaħħqu mad-domanda.

 

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Din il-Problema Ekonomika qatt ma tista’ tingħeleb, iżda dan ma jfissirx li ma jsir xejn! Peress li nafu u napprezzaw li teżisti din il-problema, xogħolna meta nsawwru l-budget tal-gvern huwa li nallokaw l-ispiża tal-gvern b’ġudizzju, fejn nixtarru sew x’inhuma l-oqsma li jimmeritaw investiment u oħrajn li forsi għandna naħsbuha biex innaqsu l-allokazzjoni lejhom. Dan il-ġudizzju irid ikun wieħed raġunat u fair, sabiex ma jkollniex oqsma li jkollhom monopolju fuq l-infiq u oħrajn li bil-kemm imisshom xejn.

Allura, meta nibdew nippreparaw għall-budget, u dwar dan m’hemmx sigriet, irridu naraw x’inhuma r-riżorsi li ser ikollna s-sena d-dieħla. Issa tajjeb li ngħid li aħna ma nafux eżatt kemm ser ikollna riżorsi s-sena d-dieħla, iżda nistgħu biss inbassruhom. Għalhekk, aħna nbassru dawn ir-riżorsi permezz ta’ tbassir xjentifiku bbażat fuq kalkoli, mudelli tat-tbassir u proġettazzjonijiet li jinvolvu l-aspett ekonomiku, kif ukoll  ħafna matematika u statistika. Huwa important ferm li  nbassru kif naħsbu li ser ikun l-andament ekonomiku tas-sena d-dieħla, għax minn dan jiddependi kemm ser jiġġenera dħul il-gvern.

Dan ifisser, li mil-llum, aħna jkollna stima tat-tkabbir ekonomiku, kull settur tal-ekonomija kemm ser jiġġenera dħul għall-gvern f’taxxi, kemm tad-dħul kif ukoll VAT u sisa, kif ukoll nieħdu in konsiderazzjoni l-għotjiet mill-Unjoni Ewropea u kemm ser ikollna bżonn nissellfu bħala pajjiż. Is-somma ta’ kemm ser nisselfu trid tiżdied mad-defiċit, li fortunatament qegħdin narawh kull ma jmur jiċkien.

 

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Tajjeb li nsemmi li d-dejn huwa tieqa li l-gvern jużha biex ikollu minn fejn jaħrab għax meta jkollu dahru mal-ħajt, il-gvern jissellef biex ikabbar ir-riżorsi tiegħu f’dak il-mument, bil-konsegwenza li jgħabbi l-ġenerazzjonijiet tal-futur b’aktar piż u bil-problema li jkollhom inqas riżorsi għad-dispożizzjoni tagħhom.

Aħna ikkomettejna ruħna li mhux biss li dan ma nagħmlux, iżda li kull sena nissellfu anqas sabiex iż- id-dejn jonqos b’mod proporzjonali, u fil-fatt bħalissa l-figura tad-dejn kull ma jmur qed tonqos. Dan huwa importanti ħafna, għax aħna lit-tfal u l-ġenerazjonijiet futuri irridu inħallulhom il-ġid u mhux id-djun.

Meta jsiru dawn l-sitimi, naslu għall-punt fejn ikollna dik lib l-Ingliż insejjħulha il-cap jiġifieri l-limitu ta’ dak li jista’ jonfoq il-gvern. Minn hemmhekk imbagħad, nibdew nallokaw in-nefqa fuq kull ministeru skont il-pjan ekonomiku tal-gvern dwar il-proġetti li jixtieq iwettaq. Dan ifisser li rridu nagħmlu l-ispazju għal proġetti ġodda u hawnhekk terġa’ tqum il-problema ekonomika, għax inkunu rridu ngħażlu bejn proġetti li nixtiequ nvarawhom jew insaħħuhom, u oħrajn li forsi m’għadhomx rilevanti. F’dinja ideali, nippumpjaw il-flus f’ideat li jiġġeneraw t-tkabbir ekonomiku u nwaqqfu l-infiq f’oqsma li m’humiex produttivi u allura ma jibqgħux rilevanti għall-bżonnijiet ekonomikament.

Hawnhekk naħseb li kull gvern, kemm dak t’issa, kif ukoll ta’ qablu u ta’ qabel ta’ qablu, dejjem sabuha diffiċli biex jagħmlu din l-għażla għax ħadd ma jieħu gost jirfes kallijiet. Minnkejja li jagħmel ħafna sens li twaqqaf ċertu proġetti jew infiq, ħadd ma jieħu gost jara d-dħul tiegħu jitnaqqar, jew l-ispejjeż jogħlew.

Bħala gvern qegħdin nippreparaw bis-sħiħ għall-budget li jmiss. Nhar l-Erbgħa li għadda ppubblikajna d-dokument ta’ qabel il-budget li fuqu ser tkun ibbażata l-kunsultazzjoni pubblika. F’dan id-dokument insibu l-indikaturi ta’ kif sejra l-ekonomija u l-istat tal-finanzi tal-gvern biex abbażi tagħhom niddiskutu fejn irnexxejna u fejn nistgħu nagħmlu aħjar, bil-għan li intejbu it-tkabbir tal-ekonomija u naraw li l-effetti ta’ dan it-tkabbir jinħass f’ kull settur u livell tal-ekonomija. L-ewwel niddiskutu dan id-dokument mal-imsieħba soċjali fi ħdan il-Kunsill Malti għall-iżvilupp Ekonomiku u Soċjali, imbagħad niddiskutuh mas-soċjetà ċivili u l-pubbliku in ġenerali fil-laqgħat li se norganizzaw lejn l-aħħar ta’ Awissu u l-bidu ta’ Settembru.

Fiduċjużi li s-suċċess li lħaqna bil-baġits dawn l-aħħar tlett snin ser inkomplu nwettquh u nkattruh fil-bagit li ġej għas-sena 2017 u għall-li ġej.

 

 

Il-Ġimgħa 12 ta’ Awwissu 2016

 

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39 responses to “Fatti Tal-Ħajja”

  2. At the end of the study, to check the efficacy of
    the blinding design, volunteers have been requested about which arm of the study they had obtained the creatine supplement in.
    Only 5 out of the 14 volunteers appropriately answered after they ingested creatine.
    In South Korea, the class of dietary dietary supplements was established
    via legislation in 2004 and is regulated by the Korean Meals and Drug
    Administration (KFDA) (Shimizu 2008). New
    ingredients have to be approved by KFDA and are required to have enough toxicological and
    human medical trial data supporting the safety and efficacy of the recommended every day dosage.
    An utility for registration of CM was filed with the KFDA in 2005 and was permitted
    to be used in dietary supplements in 2008, together with an accompanying
    health declare (KFDA 2009).
    Comparability of differences between situations and 95% CI for
    (A) ΔLa, (B) WGly, (C) 15-s work, (D) 15-s work/FFM, (E) FFM.
    ΔLa, difference between resting and peak post-exercise capillary blood lactate levels; FFM,
    fat-free mass; WGly, glycolytic contribution to 15-s work.
    In the 5 d preceding the third trial (T3), all participants were instructed to devour 4 daily
    doses of 5 g of creatine monohydrate (Creapure®, Alzchem
    GmbH) [36,37]. Members were instructed to completely
    dissolve the contents of the powder sticks they received
    right into a noncaffeinated liquid and to keep this liquid the identical for the duration of the research.
    Widespread unwanted facet effects of creatine supplementation might embody bloating, cramping, and abdomen discomfort, especially with monohydrate.

    In distinction, creatine HCL usually has fewer stories of adverse side effects.
    In the realm of muscle-building supplements, two heavyweights have emerged
    as contenders for the throne – Creatine Monohydrate and Creatinol-O-Phosphate.

    This has made creatine probably the most coveted nutritional supplement amongst
    fitness fanatics and athletes. Seaweeds similar to
    Spirulina include probably the most quantity of creatine
    which is about zero.86g. It additionally helps to decrease the body weight by not
    allowing the body to soak up fats (25). The excessive content material of creatine in pork makes
    it great for bodybuilders, recovering athletes, individuals post-surgery,
    or others who have to build up or restore muscular tissues (8).

    Although a very limited quantity of research signifies that buffered forms might be as effective as monohydrate forms, there isn’t enough
    data to advocate them. Total, while buffered forms
    weren’t worse than monohydrate forms on this research, they weren’t better either.

    Luckily, a great amount of analysis indicates that creatine is protected to eat, and no severe unwanted facet
    effects have been reported with its use (24, 25). Nonetheless, a
    quantity of completely different forms of the complement are bought, which might make choosing one complicated.
    Others have acknowledged that enhancements in power are about 5% for chest workouts like bench
    press and about 8% for leg workouts like squats (15, 16). Its
    use as a dietary complement has been extensively studied for a couple of years, and
    it’s consumed worldwide (8, 9, 10, eleven, 12, 13).
    Anhydrous creatine accommodates 100 percent creatine, whereas
    classical creatine monohydrate has roughly 90% of pure creatine.

    Totally Different kinds of creatine are repeatedly being released, every claiming to have higher absorption, no
    water retention, and further anabolic benefits,
    all of the issues that athletes like to pay attention to about.
    One study in contrast bench press power and endurance
    between teams consuming creatine monohydrate, creatine magnesium chelate or a placebo (35).
    Overall, exercise scientists widely agree that supplementing with creatine
    can improve power and energy production, or how a
    lot force can be produced in a sure period of time, throughout exercise.
    The creatine loading phase is followed to quickly maximize
    the muscle stores, during which a considerable quantity of creatine is consumed in a brief period of time.
    Make sure to keep yourself properly hydrated if you start taking these dietary
    supplements. A 2010 examine noted that creatine hydrochloride is 38 times extra soluble than creatine monohydrate (10).

    Whole physique creatine retention was estimated by subtracting whole urinary creatine excretion from whole
    supplemental creatine consumption over the 3-day period.
    Results revealed that whole physique creatine
    retention over the 3-day loading interval was considerably greater in the low-dose d-Pinitol
    group compared to the group ingesting CM alone. Nonetheless, no variations have been seen between CM alone and CM with the upper dose of d-Pinitol (Fig. 12).

    The rationale for creatine supplementation during pregnancy is that the fetus relies upon placental switch of maternal creatine till late in pregnancy,
    and important changes in creatine synthesis and excretion happen as
    being pregnant progresses [7,280]. Consequently, there could be
    an elevated demand for and utilization of creatine during being pregnant.

    The authors outlined the meticulous process of synthesizing Creapure and the way
    it ensures 99.9% pure creatine monohydrate with
    zero contaminants. When it comes to creatine monohydrate, purity matters – and that’s the place Creapure® actually shines.
    Take a have a glance at the contaminants DHT (dihydrotriazine)
    and DCD (dicyandiamide), for example.
    Currently, two new types of creatine, CC, and CPY
    have been permitted for import to Japan. In the EU, creatine is regulated
    as a meals supplement underneath the Food Complement Directive
    (FSD) (EPC 2002) and the directive on substances that may be added for specific dietary purposes in foods for specific nutritional uses
    (FPNU) (EPC 2001). In 2004, the European Meals Safety Authority (EFSA) issued a optimistic opinion on CM for FPNU (EFSA 2004).
    No different opinions have been issued on another creatine types, either
    by EFSA or its predecessor (the Scientific Committee on Food, SCF).

    Due to the character of the notification process in the USA, a non-response from FDA may, in concept, be considered a “non-objection” from the company.

    However, with the notification course of, FDA maintains the best to object at any time,
    whether or not it has beforehand responded or not. Thus, with the
    exception of CM and perhaps CPY, different types of creatine seem
    like on the US market without the proper sanction from FDA or with out notification to FDA altogether.

    It’s virtually 100% pure creatine monohydrate, ensuring top quality & effectiveness without the unwanted contaminants present
    in ‘regular’ creatine. It Is stored in your muscles, so lacking a dose won’t have
    a major effect in case your muscle stores are optimum.
    Despite that, the accumulated research evidence over the previous
    20 years solidly positions Creapure as the benchmark for creatine
    monohydrate. This level of purity is unmatched, especially when compared to the USA’s main supply of creatine monohydrate (manufacturers in China) that has
    been found to contain undesirable contaminants.
    Leonard enjoys weight training, playing basketball and yoga, and likewise
    enjoys climbing. Choosing between Creatine Nitrate and Monohydrate comes all the method down to your personal health goals and preferences.
    If you are in search of a pre workout boost with enhanced absorption, Creatine Nitrate could be your go-to.

    It’s a well-tested and chemically steady compound that has been efficiently
    used for many years in sports complement. It subsequently should not be used by individuals with renal
    failure or other ailments of the urinary tract.
    Creatine in any kind that you simply select to supplement your
    food regimen and exercise routine will undoubtedly yield
    unimaginable advantages in your training efficiency. There is an enormous physique of research out there to
    prove the effectiveness of creatine monohydrate – but as a much older and extra
    established complement, this is to be expected.
    Analysis also demonstrated that short-term creatine supplementation led to enhancements
    in maximal energy or strength by 5-15%, while the work carried out
    throughout units of maximal effort muscle contractions yielded
    enhancements of between 5-15% as well (13). Furthermore, creatine is simpler at bettering lean physique mass and anaerobic capability than another complement
    in the marketplace (12). With several hundred peer-reviewed research papers studying the complement and nearly
    70% of them reporting significant enhancements in train capacity, you can not query its benefits.

    Judging off the research and evidence, creatine monohydrate appears to have extra concrete findings, however that simply means HCL wants more tests carried out.
    Look into some great creatine merchandise and actually see what these will do
    for your positive aspects, for you won’t be disenchanted
    with the outcomes from the numerous forms of creatine.
    There are a few various sorts of creatine, every structured in a special way
    and specializing in sure areas of your health and health to be able to promote growth and a
    healthier lifestyle. What you’ll discover is whereas they each
    have advantages on your bodybuilding objectives, you may have
    better outcomes with one over the opposite. Doing
    additional analysis will show to be key for everybody is different,
    however what you will discover with no matter type of creatine you
    choose is a superb addition to your supplement routine and the benefits of a powerful, shredded physique and performance.
    There doesn’t, however, exist a correct definition of the fatigue syndrome [259].

    It plays a crucial function within the speedy manufacturing
    of adenosine triphosphate (ATP), the first power foreign money of the cell.
    When our muscular tissues contract vigorously during actions like sprinting or
    weightlifting, ATP is rapidly consumed, and creatine phosphate acts as
    an instantaneous reserve to replenish ATP, thus sustaining high-intensity muscle exercise.
    Have you ever puzzled what fuels your muscular tissues
    throughout an intense exercise or a sprint? This compound plays a crucial role in the speedy vitality
    production wanted for high-intensity bodily activities. Understanding creatine phosphate is not only
    for athletes or fitness fanatics; it is useful data
    for anyone excited about how our bodies perform at their peak.
    Consuming creatinine helps improve muscle mass by rising the amount of time
    it takes for your muscle tissue to interrupt down over time as you age.
    A healthcare supplier may recommend them for elderly or immunocompromised individuals to build muscle
    power.
    Opposite to initial logic, taking a massive quantity of
    creatine doesn’t lead to immense ATP storages that can give you energy to crush the most tough
    of workouts! [2] As Quickly As they are saturated with creatine,
    taking even more creatine dietary supplements will not make a difference.
    When creatine enters muscle cells it will type creatine
    phosphate which is saved in your muscular tissues.
    Creatine phosphate will donate its phosphate group to
    ADP, permitting it to re-form ATP, and subsequently make ATP available for vitality donation again. However,
    using creatine phosphate will provide a much sooner
    means to do so and will provide larger stores of quick-release vitality
    that your muscular tissues can readily use throughout your workout.

    However, many customers report experiencing noticeable improvements in performance and muscle growth within two to 4 weeks of
    constant use. For optimal absorption, it is suggested to
    complement with 3-5g of creatine per day, based on this examine.
    It is hypothesized that this dosage could have a larger bioavailability than dosages
    above 10g per serving. Creatinol-O-phosphate, however, is a synthetically created compound analogous to creatine
    and provides some related advantages. Nonetheless, not
    like creatine, creatinol-O-phosphate is proof against a process called
    cyclization — a chemical process where chemical molecules kind a ring with different
    molecules. When cyclization takes place in creatine, it produces a
    by-product generally identified as creatinine.

    In distinction, creatinol-O-phosphate maintains its structural integrity, allowing the
    body to achieve the total good factor about its presence (x, x).

    Elements improved include energy, power, sprint capability, muscle endurance, elevated muscle mass,
    and restoration pace. Research additionally point out that creatine dietary supplements could benefit people of
    all health ranges, whereas other dietary supplements profit
    advanced athletes specifically. According to product claims [28,30], KA is
    “up to ten times more powerful than ordinary Creatine”. The rationale for this competition is predicated on experiments reported in a patent [29] and/or on the manufacturer’s web site
    [28,30] which indicates that KA has much less conversion of creatine
    to creatinine in fluid over time compared to creatine monohydrate.

    As A Result Of of this fact, an accepted method of assessing whole physique creatine
    retention has been to subtract every day urinary creatine
    excretion from every day dietary consumption of creatine [32,33,45-47].

    In this text, we’re diving into the world of creatine – a sizzling subject inside the fitness neighborhood.
    Creatine is degraded into creatinine and excreted in the urine
    at a fee of around 2 grams/day. People with compromised
    kidneys may experience a buildup of creatinine in the blood and problem getting rid of it through urine.
    Jillian makes use of a singular and personalised strategy to help
    her purchasers achieve optimum wellness via nutrition and life-style
    adjustments.
    Creatine supplementation may be more effective when combined
    with carbohydrates through the first few days of supplementation. Creatine is an amino acid by-product constructed from arginine, glycine and methionine.
    It is produced naturally by the physique within the kidneys, liver, and pancreas at a rate of about 1-2 grams/day.
    Creatine can also be obtained from meals (particularly
    red meat) and supplementation. Though creatine powder is among
    the most studied dietary dietary supplements, check together with your healthcare provider
    if you are also taking different medications whereas consuming creatine powder.
    Your healthcare provider can use urine samples to check creatinine levels and study extra about your kidney health.
    If creatinine ranges remain excessive for an extended period of time, you might be extra in danger for persistent kidney disease and kidney stones from the build-up of
    waste in your physique.
    This disparity could also be attributed to the higher
    proportion of kind II muscle fibers in males, a factor known to affect responsiveness to creatine supplementation [52].
    Muscle fiber type distribution has been proven to play a role in responding to creatine supplementation [52].

    In the absence of muscle biopsies, relative 15-s work might operate as an indicator for a greater fraction of sort II fibers.
    However, no such important relation between elevated 15-s
    work under the creatine situation and relative 15-s work was found in our knowledge.
    This study aimed to evaluate the affect of creatine monohydrate supplementation on a 15-s all-out dash test performance, FFM, and ΔLa.

    Long COVID is a persistent fatigue state after Sars-2-CoV-2 infection [269,270].
    Interestingly, even asymptomatic patients exhibited raised biomarkers concerned in irritation and stress
    response [271]. Long COVID, Persistent Fatigue Syndrome, and Post Viral Fatigue Syndrome are believed to be
    the same entity [248,272]. Supplementation of guadinioacteic acid, a
    precursor of creatine, was in a position to attenuate several
    aspects of fatigue in fibromyalgia patients [273].
    In combination of experimental findings as nicely as
    these first promising medical outcomes, creatine could be an essential key within the
    rehabilitation means of CFS and Long COVID patients [274].
    Table 8 summarizes the available literature on the consequences of the creatine precursor GAA on chronic fatigue and Post-COVID syndrome
    [274]. Typical components that lead to a disturbance within the mobile respiration are hypoxia, irritation, viruses,
    mutations, oncogenes, age, radiation, and carcinogens [115].

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